Endocrine Abstracts

The physiological adaptations associated with energy deficiency contribute to menstrual cycle disturbances. The downstream effects of both energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism synergistically impair bone health, leading to low bone mineral density, compromised bone structure and microarchitecture, and ultimately, a decrease in bone strength. Low bone mineral density is frequently observed among exercising women and anorexic women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) ...